I do not have a Cubox-i4, but the cubox-i2ex. For testing new images it is mostly connected to a small Chinese SMSL SD-793II headphone amp.It has both coax and optical (toslink) inputs.
But the Cubox-i2ex also works well here with a Pro-ject Pre Box S2 Digital.
Have you considered using a USB DAC?
I’m considering the TOPPING D10s DAC do you have any news about it? It will be compatible with Volumio?
TOPPING D10s seems to me the best DAC considering quality and price.